| Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal Sanghiya Laktantrik Ganatantra Nepal
Location southwestern
Asia
Bordered By India, China
Area 54,362 sq mi
(140,797 sq km)
Greatest Distance E-W 500 mi (805km)
Greatest Distance N-S 150 mi (241 km)
Highest Point Mount Everest; 29,028 ft (8,848 m)
Lowest Point unnamed location;
150 ft (46 m)
Natural Resources quartz, hydropower,
lignite, copper, cobalt, iron ore
Nationality Nepali
Population (July 2015 est) 31,551,305
Largest Cities Kathmandu
Ethnic Groups Chhettri, Brahman-Hill,
Magar, Tharu, Tamang, Newar, Kami, Muslim, Yadav, Rai,
Gurung, Damai/Dholii, Thakuri, Limbu, Sarki, Teli,
Chamar/Harijan/Ram, Koiri/Kushwaha
Religions Hindu, Buddhist
Languages Nepali (official), Maithali,
Bhojpuri, Tharu, Tamang, Newar, Magar, Bajjika, Urdu,
Avadhi, Limbu, Gurung
Capital Kathmandu
Form of Government federal democratic
republic
Present Constitution Adopted September
15, 2015
Chief of State President Bidhya Devi Bhandari
(since October 29, 2015)
Head of Government Prime Minister Pushpa
Kamal Dahal (since August 4, 2016)
Cabinet Council of Ministers appointed
by the Prime Minister
Legislature unicameral Constituent
Assembly (Sambidhan Sabha)
Judiciary Supreme Court
Administrative Divisions 14 zones (anchal)
Currency rupee (NPR)
Per Capita Income $2,400
Industries tourism, carpets, textiles;
small rice, jute, sugar, and oilseed mills; cigarettes,
cement and brick production
Agricultural Products pulses, rice,
corn, wheat, sugarcane, jute, root crops; milk, water
buffalo meat
Export Commodities clothing, pulses,
carpets, textiles, juice, jute goods
Import Commodities petroleum products,
machinery and equipment, gold, electrical goods, medicine
Kingdom Unified 1768
National Holiday Republic Day; May 28
(2008, the abdication of Gyanendra Shah, the last
Nepalese monarch, and the establishment of a federal
republic)
Flag red with a blue border around two
overlapping right triangles; the smaller, upper triangle
bears a white stylized moon and the larger, lower
triangle displays a white 12-pointed sun; the color red
represents the rhododendron (Nepal's national flower) and
is a sign of victory and bravery, the blue border
signifies peace and harmony; the two right triangles are
a combination of two single pennants that originally
symbolized the Himalaya Mountains while their charges
represented the families of the King (upper) and the
Prime Minister, but today they are understood to denote
Hinduism and Buddhism, the country's two main religions;
the moon represents the serenity of the Nepalese people
and the shade and cool weather in the Himalayas, while
the sun depicts the heat and higher temperatures of the
lower parts of Nepal; the moon and the sun are also said
to express the hope that the nation will endure as long
as these heavenly bodies
SEE ALSO
India
China
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