| Syrian Arab Republic Al Jumhuriyah al Arabiyah as Suriyah
Location Middle East
Bordered By Turkey, Iraq, Jordan, Israel, Lebanon
Area 71,448 sq mi
(185,180 sq km)
Greatest Distance East-West 515 mi (829
km)
Greatest Distance North-South 465 mi
(748 km)
Coastline 94 mi (151 km)
Highest Point Mount Hermon; 9,232 ft
(2,814 m)
Lowest Point unnamed location near Lake
Tiberias; -656 ft (-200 m)
Natural Resources petroleum,
phosphates, chrome and manganese ores, asphalt, iron ore,
rock salt, marble, gypsum, hydropower
Nationality Syrian
Population (July 2016) 17,185,170
Largest Cities Aleppo, Damascus, Homs,
Hama, Latakia
Ethic Groups Arab, Kurdish, Armenian
Principal Religions Muslim (official),
Christian
Principal Languages Arabic (official),
Kurdish, Armenian, Aramaic, Circassian, French, English
Capital Damascus
Form of Government presidential republic
Present Constitution Adopted February 15, 2012
Chief of State President Bashar al-Asad (since
July 17, 2000)
Head of Government Prime Minister Imad Muhammad
Dib Khamis (since June 22, 2016)
Cabinet Council of Ministers
Legislature People's Assemby (Majlis al-shaab)
Judiciary Court of Cassation, Supreme
Constitutional Court
Local Administration 14 provinces (muhafazat)
Unit of Currency pound (SYP)
Per Capita Income $2,900
Principal Industries petroleum, textiles, food
processing, beverages, tobacco, phosphate rock mining,
cement, oil seeds crushing, automobile assembly
Agricultural Products wheat, barley, cotton,
lentils, chickpeas, olives, sugar beets; beef, mutton,
eggs, poultry, milk
Principal Exports crude oil, minerals, petroleum
products, fruits and vegetables, cotton fiber, textiles,
clothing, meat and live animals, wheat
Principal Imports machinery and transport
equipment, electric power machinery, food and livestock,
metal and metal products, chemicals and chemical
products, plastics, yarn, paper
Independence from League of Nations Mandate
April 17, 1946
National Holiday Independence Day, April 17
Flag the band colors derive from the Arab
Liberation flag and represent oppression (black),
overcome through bloody struggle (red), to be replaced by
a bright future (white); identical to the former flag of
the United
Arab Republic, where the two stars represented the
constituent states of Syria and Egypt
SEE ALSO
Turkey
Iraq
Jordan
Israel
Lebanon
United
Arab Republic
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