| Republic of Turkey Türkiye
Cumhuriyeti
Location Middle East
Bordered By Greece,
Bulgaria, Georgia,
Armenia,
Azerbaijan, Iran,
Iraq, Syria
Area 301,382 sq mi (780,576 sq km)
Greatest Distance E-W 1,015 mi (1,633
km)
Greatest Distance N-S 465 mi (748 km)
Coastline 2,211 mi (3,558 km)
Highest Point Ararat; 17,011 ft (5,185
m)
Lowest Point Black Sea and Mediterranean
Sea; sea level
Natural Resources coking coal, chromite,
petroleum, copper, iron ore, meerschaum
Nationality Turk
Population (July 2016 est) 80,274,604
Largest Cities Istanbul, Ankara, Izmir, Bursa,
Adana
Ethnic Groups Turks, Kurds
Religions Muslim
Languages Turkish, Kurdish
Capital Ankara
Form of Government republic
Present Constitution Adopted November 7, 1982
Chief of State President Recip Tayyip Erdogan
(since August 10, 2014)
Head of Government Prime Minister Binali
Yildirim (since May 22, 2016)
Cabinet Council of Ministers
Legislature unicameral Grand National Assembly
of Turkey (Türkiye Buyuk Millet Meclisi)
Judiciary Constitutional Court
Local Administration 81 provinces (iller)
Currency Turkish Lira
Per Capita Income $14,600
Industries textiles, food processing,
automobiles, electronics, mining, steel, petroleum,
construction, lumber, paper
Agricultural Products tobacco, cotton, grain,
olives, sugar beets, hazelnuts, pulses, citrus; livestock
Export Commodities apparel, foodstuffs,
textiles, metal manufactures, transportation equipment
Import Commodities machinery, chemicals,
semi-finished goods, fuels, transportation equipment
Republic Established October 29, 1923
National Holiday Republic Day, October 29
Flag red with a vertical white crescent
moon (the closed portion is toward the hoist side) and
white five-pointed star centered just outside the
crescent opening; according to legend, the flag
represents the reflection of the moon and a star in a
pool of blood of Turkish warriors
See Also
Greece
Bulgaria
Armenia
Iran
Iraq
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